FEATURES OF THE APPLICATION OF RELIGION, LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION SYSTEM BY THE TSARIST GOVERNMENT IN COLONIAL POLICY IN KAZAKHSTAN (XIX – BEGINNING XX CENTURY)

Abstract

The article examines the features of the tsarist government's use of the system of religion, language and education in the colonial policy, which it pursued in Kazakhstan in the XIX-early XX centuries. The methods and techniques used by the Russian Empire in the cultural and spiritual spheres on the territory of the Kazakh lands after their accession to its composition are shown. The main goals and objectives of this policy are defined and its consequences for local society are outlined. It is revealed that, in general, it was aimed at implementing the extensive task of Russification of the population of new lands. It is stated in an evidentiary form that the basis of the measures implemented by the colonial administration in this direction was the missionary work of the Russian Orthodox Church. At the same time, it is revealed that the policy of Russification of the tsarist government was carried out comprehensively. It is established that on the way to achieving its goals in the cultural and spiritual sphere on the territory of Kazakhstan at the time under review, the Russian Empire also simultaneously used the sphere of language and the education system. In this context, the measures taken by authoritarianism are described through the system of N.I. Ilminsky and the programs of N.P. Ostroumov. The features of the development of this policy of the Russian administration in the Kazakh lands in different periods of its implementation are considered. At the same time, it is shown that the above-mentioned measures taken by the tsarist government for a long time did not bring proper results, and the reasons for this are also revealed.