QUALITY ISSUES OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS OF THEIR SOLUTIONS USING NEW TECHNOLOGIES, SUCH AS HYDROPHOBIZATION

Abstract

The article examines the main defects of brick facades that occur during long-term operation under the influence of moisture, including deterioration of the facing layer, formation of efflorescence, cracking, and a significant reduction in the strength and durability of masonry mortar. It is established that the primary cause of these defects is the violation of construction standards and technological requirements during masonry work and subsequent operation. These violations include improper selection and incompatibility of materials, failure to follow construction techniques, absence of reliable waterproofing systems, and insufficient ventilation of building envelopes. Particular attention is given to hydrophobization as one of the most effective and widely used methods of protecting facades from moisture penetration. Hydrophobic treatments form a stable water-repellent layer on the surface, significantly reducing capillary absorption while preserving the natural vapor permeability of the material. A comprehensive approach allows improving reliability, durability, and overall performance of facades.