FUNDAMENTALS OF PRODUCING POROUS CERAMIC MATERIALS USING LOCAL RAW MATERIALS

Abstract

This article examines the scientific fundamentals of producing porous ceramic materials using local raw materials. The study analyzed the mineralogical and chemical composition of siliceous rock (opoka) from the Taskala deposit in the West Kazakhstan region and confirmed its suitability for the production of construction materials. In addition, the physical and chemical properties and plasticity characteristics of bentonite clay from the Pogodaev deposit in the West Kazakhstan region were investigated. The quality indicators of coal from the Shubarkol deposit in the Karaganda region were also considered, demonstrating their potential use in the production of energy-efficient materials. A literature review revealed that several methods are widely applied in the manufacture of porous ceramic products, including the use of combustible additives, foaming, gas release, and the incorporation of porous fillers. Based on the findings, ceramics produced from opoka and bentonite were proven to possess high strength, low thermal conductivity, and environmental efficiency. This research is consistent with the concept of transitioning to a “Green Economy”.