INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE ON SLAUGHTER QUALITIES OF BULLS, HEIFERS OF THE RED STEPPE BREED AND CROSSES OF DIFFERENT GENERATIONS WITH AMERICAN-BREED HOLSTEINS

Abstract

This article presents the results of a study of the slaughter performance of purebred Red Steppe cattle and their first- and second-generation crossbreds. The influence of genotype was studied on purebred and crossbred bulls and heifers.

It was found that crossbred animals were superior to purebred animals in all linear indicators. At the same time, the established uneven level of linear sizes of animal carcasses of different genotypes also influenced the value of its coefficients that characterize meat production. Suffice it to say that Holstein crossbred animals of I and II generation had higher coefficient of polnomochnost carcasses of purebred peers respectively on bulls - by 5.31% and 3.70%, for girls - of 7.98% and 5.8%,to koeficentu the execution of the femur respectively of 4.00% and of 1.93%, of 2.90% and 1.73%.

The obtained data and their analysis indicate a positive effect of crossing red steppe cows with Holstein American selection on the slaughter quality of crossbred young animals. Suffice it to say that crossbred bulls I and II generation was better than the team of red steppe breed of mass of steam carcass by 20.01 kg (8.7%) and 19,54 kg (8,5%), in its output - 0.95% and 0.99%, slaughter weight – by 20.42 kg (8,6%)) and of 17.78 kg (7,5%), slaughter yield – by 0.94% and 0.52%, heifers, respectively 24,17 kg (13.4%) and to 16.99 kg (9,4%), 1,58% and 1.20%, 24.1 kg(12,3%) and of 17.16 kg (8.8%), 1,19% and 0.98%.

It was evident sexual dimorphism. At the same time, bulls outperformed heifers in the main indicators of meat products, regardless of the genotype.